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Chemistry
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1983
Chemistry
Canada
for his work on the mechanisms of electron transfer reactions, especially in metal complexes
1982
Chemistry
Lithuania
for his development of crystallographic electron microscopy and his structural elucidation of biologically important nucleic acid-protein complexes
1981
Chemistry
Ukraine
for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions
Chemistry
Japan
for their theories, developed independently, concerning the course of chemical reactions
1980
Chemistry
USA
for his fundamental studies of the biochemistry of nucleic acids, with particular regard to recombinant-DNA
Chemistry
United Kingdom
for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids
Chemistry
USA
for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids
1979
Chemistry
Germany
for their development of the use of boron- and phosphorus-containing compounds, respectively, into important reagents in organic synthesis
Chemistry
United Kingdom
for their development of the use of boron- and phosphorus-containing compounds, respectively, into important reagents in organic synthesis
1978
Chemistry
United Kingdom
for his contribution to the understanding of biological energy transfer through the formulation of the chemiosmotic theory
1977
Chemistry
Russia
for his contributions to non-equilibrium thermodynamics, particularly the theory of dissipative structures
1976
Chemistry
USA
for his studies on the structure of boranes illuminating problems of chemical bonding
1975
Chemistry
Australia
for his work on the stereochemistry of enzyme-catalyzed reactions
Chemistry
Bosnia and Herzegovina
for his research into the stereochemistry of organic molecules and reactions
1974
Chemistry
USA
for his fundamental achievements, both theoretical and experimental, in the physical chemistry of the macromolecules
1973
Chemistry
United Kingdom
for their pioneering work, performed independently, on the chemistry of the organometallic, so called sandwich compounds
Chemistry
Germany
for their pioneering work, performed independently, on the chemistry of the organometallic, so called sandwich compounds
1972
Chemistry
USA
for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule
Chemistry
USA
for their contribution to the understanding of the connection between chemical structure and catalytic activity of the active centre of the ribonuclease molecule
Chemistry
USA
for his work on ribonuclease, especially concerning the connection between the amino acid sequence and the biologically active conformation
1971
Chemistry
Germany
for his contributions to the knowledge of electronic structure and geometry of molecules, particularly free radicals
1970
Chemistry
France
for his discovery of sugar nucleotides and their role in the biosynthesis of carbohydrates
1969
Chemistry
Norway
for their contributions to the development of the concept of conformation and its application in chemistry
Chemistry
United Kingdom
for their contributions to the development of the concept of conformation and its application in chemistry
1968
Chemistry
Norway
for the discovery of the reciprocal relations bearing his name, which are fundamental for the thermodynamics of irreversible processes
